In order to avoid that for this study, reliability of the EFPT was measured through trained raters who rated participants. How they were rated by the EFPT and by the other raters were then compared. 7.Define validity. How was validity of the instruments assessed in this study?

In order to determine whether the instrument was valid, there was construct validity and criterion validity that had to be tested. Construct validity is requiring a test to be able to distinguish between people who have and who do not have a known trait. This was assessed by determining whether the EFPT was able to distinguish people based on their level of stroke. Criterion validity was determined by comparing the EFPT scores with a lot of scores that were established for these same patients on neuropsychological tests.

8.Summarize Table 1.

Table one offered demographic information as well as information regarding how well the participants in the study performed on the EFPT test. Those who were in the control group and who only had a mild stroke fared significantly better on the tasks that they were asked to do. There were also significantly higher numbers of females in the study, which may indicate that women...

It could also simply be indicative of their willingness to participate in the study. Whether people could pay bills was one of the most difficult tasks for those who had suffered a stroke and it made a larger difference between the groups than the other tasks did. In short, the EFPT test set people apart by age, by gender, and by ability on several different levels.
9.Discuss the limitations and strengths of the study.

This study was strong in that it looked at more than what many other studies look at. It broke the issues down more clearly than a lot of studies do and used valid and reliable methods to do so. However, there is still no actual way for any study to show whether a person who can complete or not complete these tasks will be able to complete other tasks that might allow them to get by on their own. In that way, the study is still limited.

Bibliography

Baum et. al. (2008). Reliability, Validity, and Clinical Utility of the Executive Function Performance Test: A Measure of Executive Function in a Sample of People With Stroke

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy 62 (4), 446. Retrieved August 29, 2008 from Proquest.